How to change the connector on the internet cable. We crimp the Internet cable correctly. Connecting an internal internet socket
Good day to all!
This article will talk about the network cable ( Ethernet cable, or twisted pair as many people call it), thanks to which the computer is connected to the Internet, a home local network is created, Internet telephony is carried out, etc.
In general, a similar network cable is sold in meters in stores and there are no connectors at its ends ( plugs and RJ-45 connectors, which are connected to the network card of a computer, router, modem and other devices. A similar connector is shown in the preview picture on the left.). In this article I want to tell you how you can compress such a cable if you want to create a local network at home on your own (well, or, for example, move a computer connected to the Internet from one room to another). Also, if your network disappears and after correcting the cable - it appears, I recommend finding time and recompressing the network cable.
Z amazement! By the way, in stores there are already crimped cables with all connectors. True, they are of standard length: 2m., 3m., 5m., 7m. (m - meters). Also, keep in mind that it is problematic to pull a crimped cable from one room to another - i.e. when you need to “push” it through a hole in a wall / partition, etc. You won’t make a large hole, but a connector won’t fit through a small one. Therefore, in this case, I recommend stretching the cable first, and then compressing it.
What do you need to work?
1. Network cable (also called twisted pair, Ethernet cable, etc.). It is sold in meters, you can buy almost any footage (at least for home needs you will find it without any problems in any computer store). The screenshot below shows what such a cable looks like.
2. You will also need RJ45 connectors (these are connectors that are inserted into the network card of a PC or modem). They cost a penny, therefore, buy immediately with a margin (especially if you have not dealt with them before).
3. . These are special crimping pliers with which RJ45 connectors can be crimped to the cable in seconds. In principle, if you do not plan to often pull Internet cables, then you can take a crimper from friends, or do without it at all.
4. Knife and regular straight screwdriver. This is if you do not have a crimper (which, by the way, has convenient “devices” for quickly cutting the cable). I think their photo is not needed here ?!
The question before crimping is what and with what will we connect via a network cable?
Many do not pay attention to more than one important detail. In addition to mechanical compression, there is also a bit of theory in this matter. The point is that, depending on what and with what you will connect - it depends on how you need to crimp the Internet cable!
There are two types of connection in total: direct and cross. A little lower in the screenshots it will be clear and visible what is at stake.
1) Direct connection
Used when you want to connect your computer to a router, TV to a router.
Important! If you connect one computer to another computer according to this scheme, then you will not have a local network! To do this, use a cross join.
The diagram shows how to crimp the RJ45 connector on both sides of the Internet cable. The first wire (white-orange) is labeled Pin 1 on the diagram.
2) Cross connection
This circuit is used for crimping network cable, which will be used to connect two computers, a computer and a TV, two routers to each other.
That is, first you decide what to connect with, see the diagram (in the 2 screenshots below, it’s not so difficult to figure it out even for beginners), and only then do you start work (about it, in fact, below) ...
Crimping a network cable with pliers (crimper)
This option is easier and faster, so I'll start with it. Then, I will say a few words about how this can be done with a regular screwdriver.
1) Sheath trimming
The network cable is: a hard shell, behind which are hidden 4 pairs of thin wires, which are surrounded by another insulation (multi-colored, which was shown in the last step of the article).
So, the first step is to cut the sheath (protective braid), you can immediately 3-4 cm. So it will be easier for you to distribute the wiring in the right order. By the way, it is convenient to do this with tongs (crimper), although some prefer to use a regular knife or scissors. In principle, they do not insist on anything here, as it is more convenient for anyone - it is only important not to damage the thin wires hidden behind the shell.
The sheath is removed from the network cable by 3-4 cm.
2) Protective cap
Next, insert the protective cap into the network cable, doing it later will be extremely inconvenient. By the way, many neglect these caps (and I, by the way, too). It helps to avoid unnecessary kinks in the cable, creates an additional "shock absorber" (so to speak).
protective cap
3) Wiring distribution and circuit selection
Next, distribute the wiring in the order in which you need, depending on the selected scheme (this is described above in the article). After distributing the wires according to the desired pattern, cut them with tongs to about 1 cm (you can also cut with scissors if you are not afraid to ruin them :)).
4) Inserting wires into the connector
It is important to note that if the wires are not cut enough - they will stick out of the RJ45 connector, which is highly undesirable - any slight movement with which you touch the cable can disable your network and interrupt the connection.
How to connect a cable to RJ45: correct and incorrect options.
5) Crimp
After this, carefully insert the connector into the pliers (crimper) and squeeze them. After that, our network cable is crimped and ready to go. The process itself is very simple and fast, there is nothing special to comment on here ...
The process of crimping a cable in a crimper.
How to crimp a network cable with a screwdriver
This is, so to speak, a purely homemade manual method that will come in handy for those who want to connect faster computers rather than looking for ticks. By the way, this is a feature of the Russian character, in the West people do not do this without a special tool :).
1) Cable cutting
Everything is the same here (an ordinary knife or scissors to help).
2) Schema selection
Here, too, follow the diagrams above.
3) Insert cable into RJ45 connector
Similarly (same as in the case of crimping with a crimper (pliers)).
4) Fixing the cable and crimping with a screwdriver
And here is the most interesting. After the cable is inserted into the RJ45 connector, place it on the table and press both it and the cable inserted into it with one hand. With your other hand, take a screwdriver and gently start pressing the contacts (figure below: red arrows show crimped and not crimped contacts).
It is important here that the thickness of the end of the screwdriver is not too thick and you can press the contact to the end, securely fixing the wire. Please note that you need to fix all 8 wires (only 2 are fixed on the screen below).
Crimping with a screwdriver
After fixing 8 wires, it is necessary to fix the cable itself (the braid that protects these 8 "veins"). This is necessary so that when the cable is accidentally pulled (for example, it is touched when they pull) - there is no loss of communication so that these 8 wires do not fly out of their sockets.
This is done simply: fix the RJ45 connector on the table, and press it on top with the same screwdriver.
Thus, you got a reliable and fixed connection. You can connect a similar cable to a PC and enjoy the network :).
By the way, an article in the topic on setting up a local network:
Creation of a local network between 2 computers.
That's all. Good luck!
You may need to compress the cable for the Internet with your own hands for various reasons.
In some cases, it is necessary to replace a broken tip on the provider's wire because it has worn out.
Someone is trying to connect a PC to a router using twisted pair. Some people look for this information when they want to set up a local area network at home.
In any case, before proceeding to the very process of building a network or repairing a wire, you need to understand some things.
For example:
- What types of twisted pair are and what is it. Otherwise, how to figure out which wire to buy?
- What is required to crimp a cable? You need to understand what connectors and tools are currently being used.
- What types of crimping are there? The type of crimping depends on the purpose for which it is necessary to crimp the cable.
- How to compress an Internet cable at home? Surely not all ordinary users keep special equipment at home.
After reading this information, you can be sure that the process of twisted pair crimping will become simple and clear. You can easily restore your Internet connection or combine home computers into a local network.
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Definition
Twisted pair is one type of communication cable. Most often used in the creation of computer and Internet networks.Extremely cheap production and ease of installation ensure its widespread use: in offices, apartments, telephony, television.
There are single-pair cables (only two braided wires are used inside) and multi-pair cables - more than two pairs of conductors.
What to use at home
Cable product standards for types of shielding
In home and office environments, a (typically) 4-pin cable is used.The cheapest type of all is UTP cable.
It does not have any shielding, it is usually laid in walls, cable channels and is very sensitive to any electromagnetic radiation.
More advanced is the FTP standard cable. Inside, a shielding winding is used for all cores of a twisted pair. Such a protection scheme makes it resistant to electromagnetic radiation and can be used for internal external work, depending on the material of manufacture of the outer shell. It can be laid both in the cable plinth and along the walls on the fasteners.
The most secure standard is STP. It has a screen for each pair of cores separately and a common screen in the form of a grid. Very often used in industry and data centers.
Bandwidth Categories
Twisted pair is also divided into categories, depending on its bandwidth.To create a home LAN, just use cat 5 or 5e. In company offices, 5, 5e are usually used, less often 6, 6a, and 7 and 7a.
- Cat 5- pairs operate at a frequency of up to 100 MHz, pass up to 100 megabits per second;
- cat 5e- pairs with an operating frequency of up to 125 MHz, transmits up to 1 thousand megabits per second (1 gigabit per second) .;
- Cat 6 and Cat 6a- pairs operate at a frequency of 250 and 500 MHz, respectively, can transmit up to 10 gigabits per second;
- Cat 7 and 7a- pairs operate at a frequency of 600 and 1200 MHz, respectively, can pass up to 100 gigabits per second.
The most popular of them at the time of writing is twisted steam FTP Cat 5e, because it can pass data at speeds up to 1 gigabits / sec and at the same time is quite cheap. It is this cable that should be purchased to create a local computer network or connecting a PC to a router.
What is twisted pair crimping
Twisted pair crimping or crimping is a process during which the cable is stripped of outer insulation, the strands are straightened and untwisted, and then installed in the 8P8C connector (aka RJ45 connector) and clamped.This procedure may be needed in several cases, for example:
- the connector on your internet cable is broken;
- you decide to connect two computers to a wired local area network;
- you need to connect your computer to the router via cable;
- it is required to extend the wire through;
- and in many others.
It is not difficult to crimp an Internet wire at home, however, for an ideal result, you will need some tools and accessories, namely:
- twisted pair of the required length;
- press tongs (crimper);
- one or two connectors (it is better to buy a few in reserve).
On this moment Two types of cable crimping are used. One of them is called straight and the other is called cross (or cross crimp). They differ in the pinout of the cores in the connector and their application in practice.
Straight straight crimp or "computer hub"
This type is used to connect two different types devices, that is, when connected:
- computer to router
- TV to router
- computer to the switch;
- router to switch
- computer to modem.
It is called "straight" because on both plugs the wires in rzh 45 will be arranged in the same order:
This type of pinout is used for connections with data rates up to 1 Gbps. At home, most often straight crimp is used to build a local network over a fiber optic cable.
Since most providers offer rates up to 100 Mbps, they use a different wiring, in which only 1, 2, 3 and 6 cores are involved.If you are repairing an Internet cable run by installers, you will have to use this option:
Always carefully inspect the patch cord that the provider is laying.
If they use a two-pair crimp, provided that you can re-crimp for all 4 pairs, this will not add speed to you, but it will provide trouble with stuffing all 8 wires.
Cross crimp or "computer-to-computer"
Used to connect devices of the same type to each other, for example:
- computer - computer;
- router - router;
- TV is a computer.
It is called so because of the cross arrangement of the cores in the connector. One end is crimped, as with a direct connection, and the other in a modified sequence.
When cross-crimping, all 8 cores are always taken, the figure shows a method that allows speeds up to 1 Gigabit / s. If the equipment does not work with this bandwidth, then the speed will be reduced.
Now that we have managed to decide which patch cord to use, figured out the necessary pinout and how many strands to use, we can proceed to the process itself.
Use of ticks
The most correct option when crimping the RJ-45 plug and twisted pair is to use special pliers.In professional language, they are called crimper.
The name comes from English word crimper - to crimp.
Why it is worth crimping with crimping pliers:
- Convenience - they have a convenient form and are so easy to use that everyone can use them.
- Saving time - all types of nippers are collected, which will allow you to carry out three procedures with one tool.
- Safety - it is impossible to harm yourself with them, only if you do not specifically stick your finger into the cutting pliers.
Everything is ready, now we start crimping.
For this you need:
- Bite off the old connector, it can be used as a pinout pattern. If this is not the case, then you can proceed to the next step.
- Strip the wires from the outer sheath. The length of the stripped wires should be equal to the length of the connector or slightly less, but not more. You need to measure the length from the cut edge and insert the wire into the stripping area. Now you should bite the cable, remove it from the pliers and remove the outer sheath.
- Colored cores, as we already know, are twisted inside the cable. They must be carefully untangled and aligned. If their length differs, then it is necessary to shorten too long ones.
- Without inserting into the connector, it is necessary to arrange the wires in the sequence in which the crimping will be carried out.
- Next, you need to insert the wires into the connector. It should be inserted so that part of the outer braid climbs inside. In this case, the plug will be strong and the cable will not fly out during use.
- Next, you need to carefully place the cable with the connector into the area for crimping the network cable and firmly squeeze the crimper handles. During this movement, the blades of the tongs open the connector terminals, which cut through the insulation of the conductors and fix them in the connector.
- The last step is to check that the work is done well. Move the rzh 45 connector, if no wires have jumped out of their places and it has not fallen off, then everything is fine.
Install the crimped cord into the port and check for a connection. If the LAN lights or WAN port blinked, the Internet appeared or the desired device appeared on the network, the cable was crimped correctly .;
Further, it is necessary to check how the conductors got up. If the order is followed and everyone is in their own track and touches the golden terminal, we proceed to crimping. You need to put the connector on the table so that the latch is at the bottom. Take a screwdriver and push on the mount in the connector, which will fix the cable itself in the connector.
After that, with the same screwdriver, it is necessary to alternately push the terminals of the connectors one at a time. It is necessary to do so that the contact of the terminal pierces the insulation of the core and becomes one with the wire.
You need to perform this step very carefully and calculate the force with each press so as not to pinch the terminal and break the connector.
Once all 8 cores have been clamped, you need to check the work.It can be done different ways, depending on the purpose for which the crimping was done.
If you made a wire to connect the computer to the router, then connect one plug to the WAN connector on the router, and the second to the Ethernet connector on the PC. If the results are positive, the lights will “blink” and you will be able to establish an Internet connection.
As practice shows, it is absolutely not difficult to make an independent repair of an Internet cable. This procedure does not require any special knowledge, the main thing is to figure out which wire wiring will be used.
The rest is a matter of technology, you can crimp the Internet wire using a special crimp or limit yourself to a simple screwdriver. Of course, in the first option, this can be done faster. But the main feature of the second is not to buy a tool. The method is especially relevant for those who do not need to do this work all the time.
Watch the video in which the specialist explains in detail how to crimp the cable for the Internet with your own hands:
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Task: Wires are needed to connect computers to a network. A network cord (ethernet - cable) is freely sold and is called a "patch cord". If you need a patch cord longer or vice versa - shorter, then you can make it yourself.
Tools: For manufacturing we need:
1. twisted pair cable, which is also called UTP ( Unshielded Twisted Pair - unshielded twisted pair). The cost is usually about a quarter of a dollar per meter. Also sold in coils of 305 meters. In bays it is naturally cheaper. There is also a secure twisted pair (FTP Foiled Twisted Pair). Usually more expensive due to the braid that shields the cable. Not needed for home use. Cables are categorized. For a house, the 5th category is enough. In catalogs and stores, they indicate: UTP cat5. Sometimes, to save money, providers pull a cable with 2 devices, instead of 4. On such cables, the speed will be limited to 100 Mb / s. How to crimp a twisted pair cable with four wires (two pairs) - read below.
2. Connector(may also be called "jack", "connector") RJ-45. 2 per wire + 1 is often damaged :) Take it with a margin.
3. Crimping tool.("Swage"). Special pliers for crimping connectors. An indispensable tool. Without it, it will not be possible to compress qualitatively. Look for friends, acquaintances, ask administrators, they definitely have one. With a certain skill, you can crimp the connector with a knife, but this activity is more likely for extreme people and you can’t expect quality here.
Let's start.
1. Using crimping pliers, cut off the insulation approximately 3 cm from the end. The pliers usually have a semi-circular notch with a knife on top. Put the cable in the recess, clamp the knife from above and wrap the pliers around. The insulation will cut off.
2. Check to see if you accidentally cut any wire when you cut the insulation. If the wire is cut, bitten or torn off, you have to start all over again. Feel free to bite off a damaged piece of cable and start all over again.
3. Sort the wires by color. Weave them well at the base, arrange them in color order.
3.1. It is necessary to crimp the wires in a twisted pair in a strictly defined order. The most popular scheme is:
B-Or, Or, B-Zel, Sin, B-Sin, Zel, B-Cor, Cor.
Crimp on both ends equally. In this case, we will get the so-called. straight cable. For a cross-cable, the circuit at different ends is different: on the one hand, it is standard:
B-Or, Or, B-Zel, Sin, B-Sin, Zel, B-Kor, Kor.,
with another: B-Zel, Zel, B-Or, Sin, B-Sin, Or, B-Cor, Cor.
3.2. If the cable does not have 8 wires, but 4, then the crimping order will be different.
If you need to crimp the cable on both sides - do it according to this scheme
1: White-orange
2: Orange
3: White-green
4: empty
5: empty
6: Green
7: empty
8: empty
(may be blue instead of green)
If you need to crimp only one end of the cable, and the second one is already crimped, it's better to see how the second one is crimped and do the same.
4. Lay out the wires in order, align and bending and unbending them all together, ensure that the wires are pressed tightly against each other.
5. Cut off the end of the wires as evenly as possible. Leave approximately 1.5 cm.
6. Carefully, so that the folded wires do not unravel, insert them into the connector. When putting on the connector, make sure that the notch at the bottom of the connector grabs the insulation. When crimping, the recess is pressed in and fixes the connector on the insulation.
7. By turning the connector end, make sure that all the wires have reached the edge of the connector and are visible there. Metal knives that are pressed into the wire should completely capture it.
8. While pushing the wire towards the connector, squeeze the pliers.
9. After making sure that the colors are not mixed up, clamp the connector completely. After crimping the second end, check the operation. In case of uncertain work, feel free to cut and crimp again.
The cores of the data cable are made of very thin metal wires. That is why they are easy to break with careless handling, by accident. In such situations, most likely, it will be necessary to crimp it again.
This process is not complicated, but has its own tricks and nuances. Also, for its implementation, special pliers will be needed, but their presence is not necessary - you can carry out the process using a conventional slotted screwdriver and a clerical knife.
Photo: twisted pair cable distribution and termination
Before proceeding with the crimping of the cable, it is imperative to prepare everything you need. And also make sure that you purchased exactly those connectors that are required in a particular case. Connectors are the most different types, RJ-45 type is usually required to connect the computer to the network.
Cable varieties
There are many various kinds cables used to create a network between various computers and network equipment.
Three types of communication cables are most common today:
Coaxial (coaxial) first began to be used to build local networks of various kinds.
Crimping this kind of Internet cable at home is quite simple; this does not even require a specialized tool - just an ordinary clerical knife and a screwdriver. This is where the benefits end.
This wire consists of three main parts:
The data transfer rate with this cable is only 10 Mbps. It is extremely susceptible to various kinds of electromagnetic pickups, repairing damage to this type of wire is very difficult and problematic. To date, it is practically not used anywhere.
Optical fiber (Optic Fiber) is the most modern way to transmit data today.
It consists of the following components:
Optical fiber is not subject to any type of interference, the data transfer rate with its help is 2 Gbps. Distance between individual nodes that connects this species wire, can reach 100 km. There is only one drawback - the rather high cost.
Twisted Pair (twisted pair) - most often used both for building local networks and for connecting to the Internet.
It consists of the following components:
It can provide a relatively high data transfer rate - from 10 Mbps to 1 Gbps.
Twisted pair can be:
Twisted pair is little susceptible to various kinds of interference, it is easily repaired. Correctly crimping a wire for this type of Internet is quite simple, but a special tool is required - crimping.
Video: Twisted Pair Installation
Mounting diagrams
The twisted pair wiring diagram is the order of the wires by color. Another name is pinout.
The following types of pinouts are most often used today:
The pins are numbered from left to right with the copper conductors on top and the connector itself facing the front of the user.
Each type of wiring diagram has its own purpose. Scheme of the first type STRAIGHT-THROUGHT(also marked as T568) is designed to connect the end equipment (personal PC, printer) with any switching equipment (router, hub).
Cross scheme (CrossOver) is used when there is a need to connect two instances network equipment- router, computer.
Straight-through
A straight wiring diagram called Straight-through can be implemented in two ways - there are two standards:
The first option is generally accepted, but there are situations in which only the second option can be implemented.
Color order when using 568 A:
Color | № | Color | ||
white-green | 1 | white-green | ||
green | 2 | green | ||
yellow-white | 3 | yellow-white | ||
blue | 4 | |||
5 | white-blue | 5 |
white-blue |
|
6 | yellow | 6 | ||
7 | white-brown | 7 |
white-brown |
|
8 | brown | 8 |
brown |
Color order when using 568 B:
Color | № |
Color |
||
white-yellow | 1 | white-yellow | ||
yellow | 2 | yellow | ||
white-green | 3 | white-green | ||
blue | 4 | blue | ||
white-blue | 5 |
white-blue |
||
6 | green | 6 | ||
7 | white-brown | 7 |
white-brown |
|
8 | brown | 8 |
brown |
Cross-over
The Cross-Over scheme is more complex in terms of marking colors - their order is somewhat confusing.
There are also two standards, they differ depending on the network bandwidth:
The standard for a 100-megabit network has the following color order:
Number |
Color | Number |
Color |
|
white-yellow | 1 | white-green | ||
yellow | 2 | green | ||
white-green | 3 | white-yellow | ||
blue | 4 | blue | ||
5 | white-blue | 5 |
white-blue |
|
6 | green | 6 | ||
7 | white-brown | 7 |
white-brown |
|
8 | brown | 8 |
brown |
The standard of the second type - for a network with a transmission rate of this 1 Gb / s - requires the pinout of the wire as follows:
№1 | №2 | |||
Number | Color | Number | Color | |
1 | white-yellow | 1 | white-green | |
2 | yellow | 2 | green | |
3 | white-green | 3 | white-yellow | |
4 | blue | 4 | white-brown | |
5 | white-blue | 5 | brown | |
6 | green | 6 | yellow | |
7 | white-brown | 7 | blue | |
8 | brown | 8 | white-blue |
To date, almost all network devices are able to recognize the connection method on their own (have a feature called Auto-MDIX). But there is a fairly large number of equipment still in operation that does not know how to do this.
How to compress the Internet cable with your own hands
Do-it-yourself pinout of the communication wire is quite simple. This will require only a few items, you can find and purchase them at the nearest computer store. You also need to know the parameters of your network equipment that you want to connect. Because the type of crimp (straight or cross) is selected depending on whether Auto-MDIX is supported.
Tools and accessories
To manually crimp a twisted pair of eight strands, you need the following tools:
Also, in addition to the tool itself, it is advisable to stock up on several connectors, in case the first attempt is unsuccessful.
Work order
The process itself is not difficult, it is only important to follow the procedure:
When all the above operations are completed, it is necessary to perform pressure testing. This can be done both with the help of special pliers, and with the help of a conventional slotted screwdriver.
Cable check
It is quite simple to check a compressed twisted pair with a multimeter set to continuity mode. It is necessary to connect the wires by color with contact probes - they should all ring well. If the sound signal is not heard, you should squeeze the connector contacts - they are loosely pressed against the copper conductors.
You can also check the connection using a special device. It checks the strength of the transmitted signal - respectively, this device makes it easy to detect poor-quality pinouts.
When working with a twisted pair cable, you must follow some rules, they will make it possible to avoid communication problems in the future:
Crimping a twisted pair with pliers or even a slotted screwdriver is not a complicated process. It is only important to follow the technology and do everything as carefully as possible. Since a high-quality compressed twisted pair is the key to a high data transfer rate. Therefore, before calling a specialist and paying him money, you should try to perform this simple operation yourself.
Today, multicore twisted pair is the most popular and reliable way to transmit information over the Internet or LAN.
Twisted pair cables are classified according to the EIA / TIA 568 standard and according to the international ISO 11801 certification. They have such a name because of the paired cores that are twisted together. There are several options for crimping a twisted pair cable and an RJ-45 connector.
This wire is popular for being used to connect personal computer with a hub or switch, as well as when connecting two PCs.
Color schemes for crimping in the RJ-45 plug
Computer - hub
All photos show an Internet cable used in LAN (Local Area Network) and DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) networks.
EIA/TIA-568 twisted pair cable connection options
As you can see in the photo, in both schemes, the cables are crimped in a similar way. wiring diagram. Only the place of the green twisted pair is occupied by the orange and vice versa. These pairs, compressed, both according to option A and B can be changed among themselves, this will not affect the network performance in any way. Option B is more common in crimping.
Wire connection diagram according to the "Computer-hub" scheme
Computer - computer or hub - hub
When creating a local network of two computers connected to each other without the use of additional equipment (switch or hub), the following system is provided:
How to connect wires according to the "Hub-Hub" or "Computer-to-Computer" scheme
To create a network of two computers, it is enough to insert one such cable into their network ports.
One wire is crimped according to option A, and the second according to scheme B
Note that when connecting according to the computer-to-computer scheme, the cables are crimped according to different models.
The most modern network cards and hubs, with the support of Auto-MDIX technology, are able to independently determine the cable crimping option and make internal adjustments. The latest computers can be connected to the network or another machine directly, by any convenient way without thinking about the type of pinout color scheme.
Comparison of wiring diagrams
RJ-45 four-wire crimping schemes
RJ-45 four-wire network wire quickly gained popularity in times of mass distribution wired internet. Compared to a similar eight-core, it costs half as much. Because of this, communication service providers everywhere use it when connecting the traditional Internet. When connecting a computer to world wide web or local network, rarely when you need a speed of more than 100 MB / s. In this case, it is financially profitable to make a patch cord from a four-core cable. If you have an eight-core cable, and the speed is low, it makes sense not to crimp all four twisted pairs, and compress only two: this will reduce the data transfer rate from 1 GB / s to 100 MB / s, and double the wire resource. One pair is used to receive a signal, the second - to transmit.
Wires numbered 1,2,3,6 are always connected.
It is important to connect conductors with the appropriate numbers
Schematic illustration of connecting an Internet cable
Wiring diagram network card computer shows the principle of operation of twisted pairs for receiving and transmitting information
Wiring diagram for cable connection
The circuit shows that both pairs are connected to the hub and the computer according to the principle of a symmetrical transformer circuit. It is good in that it suppresses interference and interference, guarantees a high degree of protection against installation errors and short circuits.
If you need an additional line or if the twisted pairs in the cable are damaged, you can double the number of lines without degrading the speed. Or fix the cable by crimping the connector into pairs that have not been used before.
The electrical circuits for crimping a four-core cable are similar to an eight-core cable. They show conductors that are used exclusively for receiving and transmitting a signal. Pairs that are not used are crimped, but information on them is not transmitted. They can be used for additional transmission of information.
Crimping the cable according to the principle of computer-hub (4 wires)
Four-wire connection table
Connection diagram computer - computer
With this scheme, a cross connection occurs (one end according to plan A, the second according to scheme B). Orange and green pairs are connected.
Cross wiring diagram
How it will look from above in connectors
If an open or short circuit is detected, it is not necessary to change the wire. You can replace the twisted pairs in the cable. If option B is being repaired, the orange pair is changed to brown, and the green pair is replaced by blue. Correction according to scheme A, involves replacing the orange pair with blue, and green with brown.
A defective pair can always be replaced with an additional blue or brown one. It is important to remember the wire numbers for a four-wire RJ-45 cable connection (1,2,3,6).
All kinds of options for connecting a twisted pair cable to four wires
How to crimp the cable with your own hands
Necessary tools for the job
RJ-45 wire crimping
The four-core cable is crimped in the same way. The only difference is the number of pairs. Remember the sequence of grooves, as already mentioned above for a two-pair cable: 1,2,3,6.
Crimping the cable without tools
If you do not have a tool or did not have one at hand, the RJ-45 cable can be crimped with an ordinary flat screwdriver. During the procedure, be careful, because the "manual" method:
- does not always provide the required crimp quality;
- increases the chance of breaking or damaging the cable.
Crimping algorithm without tongs:
You need to do everything in the same way as described above: cut off the cable, strip the outer insulation.
Sort the wires by color, as in the selected electrical diagram.
Cut the wires again to the correct length.
Insert carefully into the socket.
Flip the connector with the latch down and the contacts facing you. Lay it on a flat surface in such a way that the edges of the connector rest securely on any base. And the latch was loose to avoid accidental breakage.
Schematic representation of the connection
Checking the reliability of the connection
There are three ways to test the mount:
Conclusion
In this article, all kinds of twisted-pair cable connection schemes were considered; how to crimp a wire of four and eight cores, how to do it without the help of a special tool, how to check the functionality of the mounted circuit. I hope you have gathered the information you need and this article will help you make high-quality electrical wire crimping.